Russia-Georgia

Russian Soldiers

Russia-Georgia Conflict

Russian President Dmitri Medvedev announced Tuesday that Russia would recognize the independence of South Ossetia and Abkhazia. Meanwhile the continued presence of Russian troops in Georgia further strains Russia’s relations with the West. Ambassador James Collins, Robert Kagan, Masha Lipman, Michael McFaul, Martha Olcott, and Dmitri Trenin offer analyses on Russia’s likely agenda, Georgia’s strategic calculations, and what role the West can play moving forward.

Pakistan

Musharraf

Pakistan After Musharraf

Pakistani President Pervez Musharraf’s resignation last week places new focus on the nation’s uncertain political future and relations with the international community. In a new Q&A on Musharraf’s departure, Frederic Grare assesses the how civilian and military relations might change in the aftermath and the implications for the United States and Afghanistan.

Turkey

WTO

Turkey’s Political Instability

Turkey narrowly avoided an unprecedented constitutional crisis last month when its Constitutional Court refrained from banning the ruling Justice and Development Party (AKP). Henri Barkey explains that far from being over, the power struggle between secularist and Islamist factions in Turkey will shift to contentious issues surrounding EU reforms and U.S. policies in the Kurdish regions of northern Iraq.
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Turkish Politics:
Turkey: Aftermath of the Political Crisis
Turkey’s Judicial Coup D’etat
The Escalating Conflict Between Turkey and Iraq
Turkish Ruling Party Wins National Elections

Iraq

Allawi

The Future of U.S. Forces in Iraq

Negotiations on an agreement on the future of U.S. forces in Iraq continue, complicated by disagreements over the need for a withdrawal date and immunity for American troops. Current and former Iraqi leaders and Carnegie experts discuss the importance of transforming military gains into political reconciliation - including agreement on Iraqi refugees and the disarmament of militias - before the agreement can be adopted.
More on Reconciliation:
Allawi on political reconciliation
Iraqi Parliamentarians on achieving long-term stability

Arab Diplomacy

Fatah Supporters Protest

Filling the Diplomatic Vacuum
in the Arab World

Arab countries are undertaking diplomatic initiatives that clearly contradict U.S. policy, because they no longer trust the U.S. capacity to contend with escalating regional crises. Marina Ottaway and Mohammed Herzallah assess these initiatives in The New Arab Diplomacy: Not With the U.S. and Not Against the U.S., and conclude that even Arab countries traditionally aligned with the United States are no longer willing to follow Washington’s lead on policies toward Iran, Lebanon, or Hamas.
Arab Diplomatic Initiatives:
Hope in the Levant
Regional Arab Diplomacy (Al Ahram Weekly)

China's Economy

China Shoppers

China: World’s Largest Economy by 2035

China’s economy will surpass the U.S. by 2035 and be twice its size by midcentury, that was the key finding of Albert Keidel's new report, China’s Economic Rise—Fact and Fiction. Keidel shows that China's rapid growth is driven by domestic demand—not exports—and will sustain high single-digit growth rates well into this century. China’s ascendency as the preeminent world commercial influence requires U.S. leaders to reassess a broad array of economic and military policies.
More on China's Economy:
Kurlantzick: The Forgotten (The New Republic)

More Analysis

Next January, the new U.S. President will be confronted with the longest list of severe challenges any president has faced in decades. Prioritizing among them will be even more important than usual. In its new series, "Foreign Policy for the Next President", the Carnegie Endowment’s experts endeavor to do just that. They separate good ideas from dead ends and go beyond widely agreed goals to describe how to achieve them.

In this series... More on this series ►
Mohamed Ould Abdel Aziz Understanding Mauritania’s Coup
The bloodless military coup that overthrew Mauritania’s democratic government complicates U.S. efforts to improve security in the North Africa. Christopher Boucek explains that Washington can encourage coup leaders to move toward elections by leveraging its military assistance and humanitarian and institutional capacity-building programs in the country.
Arab Leaders Establishing Middle East Regional Order
Following September 11th and the U.S. invasion of Iraq, the structures and power balances that defined regional Arab relations for more than fifty years are in ruins. Though there have been many attempts by the international community to impose order in the Middle East, Paul Salem argues that Arab states must themselves overcome divisive ideologies, prioritize common interests, and develop a cooperative political and security architecture if a new regional order is to come to fruition.

Regional Relations:
Filling the Diplomatic Vacuum in the Arab World
Democracy Promotion in the Middle East
The New Middle East
Taiwan Military Parade Supporting Taiwan
Despite President Bush’s 2001 commitment to supply Taiwan with F-16s for its self defense, the administration recently froze the final part of the arms deal. Ashley Tellis argues in the Wall Street Journal that Washington’s concern about offending Beijing is misplaced: the deal should move forward, not only to support a democratic ally whose leader is committed to improving cross-straits relations, but also as a pragmatic step toward balancing China’s military build-up.

U.S.-Taiwan Relations:
Assessing U.S.-Taiwan Policy
The Chinese Military and Taiwan's Security

Commentary

Carnegie experts offer analyses on Russia’s agenda, Georgia’s strategic calculations, and how Western / American values may have played a role in escalating tensions.

Overview and resources: More on the conflict ►
Singh and Bush U.S.-India Nuclear Deal
The Indo-U.S. civilian nuclear deal has cleared major hurdles in the Lok Sabha, but still faces Congressional approval. The agreement would lift the U.S. ban on nuclear trade with India and allow it to assist India’s civilian nuclear program. Sharon Squassoni explains the details of the agreement and why it is so unusual.

Consequences of the Deal:
India as a Nuclear Partner

Nuclear Powerplant A Secure Nuclear Power Expansion
A worldwide revival of nuclear energy appears to be looming, now is the time to ensure that future nuclear expansion is as safe and secure as possible, testified Pierre Goldschmidt, before the House Foreign Affairs Subcommittee on Terrorism, Nonproliferation, and Trade.
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